Partial Fractions, step by step
For a rational function P(x)/Q(x).
- Check the degreesIf deg P is at least deg Q, divide first. The fraction must be proper.
- Factor the denominatorInto linear and irreducible quadratic factors over the reals.
- Write the templateA/(x − a) per linear factor; (Bx + C)/(x² + px + q) per quadratic.
- Handle repeated factorsA factor (x − a)ⁿ needs one term for every power from 1 up to n.
- Solve for the constantsClear denominators, then substitute the roots or compare coefficients.
Worked: 1/(x² − 1) = ½[1/(x − 1) − 1/(x + 1)], so the integral is ½ ln|(x − 1)/(x + 1)| + C.
Questions about the Partial Fractions poster
- What’s on the Partial Fractions poster?
- 5 numbered steps. For a rational function P(x)/Q(x). Check the degrees — If deg P is at least deg Q, divide first. The fraction must be pr…; Factor the denominator — Into linear and irreducible quadratic factors over the reals.; Write the template — A/(x − a) per linear factor; (Bx + C)/(x² + px + q) per quadratic.; Handle repeated factors — A factor (x − a)ⁿ needs one term for every power from 1 up…; Solve for the constants — Clear denominators, then substitute the roots or compare co…. Worked: 1/(x² − 1) = ½[1/(x − 1) − 1/(x + 1)], so the integral is ½ ln|(x − 1)/(x + 1)| + C.
- Who is the Partial Fractions poster for?
- Partial Fractions belongs to the Mathematics section rather than to a school year, because math is not something one grade owns. Anyone learning calculus can pin it up — a beginner, a student mid-course, or someone revising years later.
- When should you use the Partial Fractions poster?
- Any integral of a polynomial over a polynomial that does not simplify by substitution. A wall chart earns its place by being glanceable from where the work is happening, so Partial Fractions belongs on the wall where that math work actually happens, within glancing distance, rather than filed away.
- What other posters go with Partial Fractions?
- The Chain Rule, Derivative Rules and Fundamental Theorem sit alongside Partial Fractions in the Mathematics section. Printed together they make a wall rather than a single sheet, which is how a reference set actually gets used.The Chain RuleDerivative RulesFundamental Theorem
- Is the Partial Fractions poster free to download and print?
- Yes. Partial Fractions downloads as a free PDF with no account, no email and no watermark, like everything else in the Mathematics section. Print as many copies as you like for a home, a classroom, a library or a tutoring group; reselling the file is the only thing the licence rules out.Read the licence
- What size does the Partial Fractions poster print at?
- Partial Fractions is a vector PDF laid out for US Letter, and prints on A4 with Fit to page — the same file, no separate download. Because every mark on it is drawn rather than photographed, it stays sharp enlarged to A3, A2 or A1 at a copy shop. Colour carries emphasis only, so a greyscale print of Partial Fractions loses nothing.Printing guide
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